The relative frequency definition of probability says: If an experiment is repeated, the probability of an event (a specified outcome of the experiment) is the relative frequency of occurrence of that ...

The FactorGraph package provides the set of different functions to perform inference over the factor graph with continuous or discrete random variables using the belief propagation algorithm. A ...

Where \(X\) is a normally distributed random variable with mean \(\mu\) and standard deviation \(\sigma\). The peak of the curve occurs at \(x=\mu\), and the spread ...

In certain circumstances, losses create a sure path to victory, an idea with implications for biology and cancer therapy ...

A student-led research group from Tohoku University has discovered a new species of the venomous Physalia (commonly known as Portuguese man-of-war) that has never been seen before in northeast Japan.

Christina Majaski writes and edits finance, credit cards, and travel content. She has 14+ years of experience with print and digital publications. Khadija Khartit is a strategy, investment, and ...

Abstract: The Gaussian modulated continuous variable quantum key distribution (GM-CVQKD) protocol is known to maximise the mutual information between two parties during quantum key distribution (QKD).

The total area under the curve must equal 1, representing the fact that the probability of some outcome occurring within the entire range is certain. \[\int_{-\infty}^{\infty}f\left(x\right)dx=1\] ...

James Chen, CMT is an expert trader, investment adviser, and global market strategist. Khadija Khartit is a strategy, investment, and funding expert, and an educator of fintech and strategic finance ...