The relative frequency definition of probability says: If an experiment is repeated, the probability of an event (a specified outcome of the experiment) is the relative frequency of occurrence of that ...

The FactorGraph package provides the set of different functions to perform inference over the factor graph with continuous or discrete random variables using the belief propagation algorithm. A ...

Christina Majaski writes and edits finance, credit cards, and travel content. She has 14+ years of experience with print and digital publications. Khadija Khartit is a strategy, investment, and ...

The total area under the curve must equal 1, representing the fact that the probability of some outcome occurring within the entire range is certain. \[\int_{-\infty}^{\infty}f\left(x\right)dx=1\] ...

James Chen, CMT is an expert trader, investment adviser, and global market strategist. Khadija Khartit is a strategy, investment, and funding expert, and an educator of fintech and strategic finance ...

Abstract: The Gaussian modulated continuous variable quantum key distribution (GM-CVQKD) protocol is known to maximise the mutual information between two parties during quantum key distribution (QKD).

Can you chip in? This year we’ve reached an extraordinary milestone: 1 trillion web pages preserved on the Wayback Machine. This makes us the largest public repository of internet history ever ...

Abstract: Wafer stage is an important mechatronic unit of industrial lithography tool for manufacturing integrated circuits. This paper presents a novel state/model-free variable-gain discrete sliding ...

Probability is a fundamental concept in mathematics and statistics that deals with the likelihood of events occurring. It provides a framework for quantifying uncertainty and making predictions based ...

Warteschlangensimulator is a free, platform independent, discrete-event, stochastic simulator which allows to model queueing systems in form of flowcharts.