In a metal like copper, however, the outer electrons swim around freely and are shared by all the atoms. That’s why ...

A look at a real-world example around DGA making a difference for a Midwestern generation and transmission Electricity Cooperative ...

Researchers at University of Tsukuba have developed a technology for real-time estimation of the valence state and growth rate of iron oxide thin films during their formation. This novel technology ...

Before a spectrometer can do any useful work, it needs to be calibrated to identify wavelengths correctly. This is usually done by detecting several characteristic peaks or dips in a well-known ...