The esophageal sphincters are bands of muscles at the top and bottom of the esophagus — the muscular tube that passes food and drink from the mouth to the stomach. Esophageal sphincters open and close ...

The sphincter of Oddi is a muscular valve in the digestive tract that opens and closes. It allows digestive juices, bile, and pancreatic juice to flow properly through the ducts from the liver and ...

The benefit of preoperative combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy to perform sphincter-preserving surgery for patients with locally advanced distal rectal cancer is not supported by findings from ...

ORGAN PRESERVATION IS one of the successes of the multidisciplinary management of cancer. Selected soft tissue sarcomas, and breast, head and neck, esophageal, anal, and prostate cancers are ...

Researchers have built the first functional anal sphincters in the laboratory, suggesting a potential future treatment for both fecal and urinary incontinence. Researchers have built the first ...

Urethral sphincter damage—which can be caused by vaginal delivery, obesity, diabetes or age—can lead to urinary incontinence, which has profound effects on quality of life. Cell therapy has been ...

Impact of dose intensity of XELOX and MFOLFOX6 on survival of metastatic colorectal cancer patients: A retrospective analysis at the Jewish General Hospital between 2006 and 2013. This is an ASCO ...

, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minn. Figure 2. Pelvic floor and anal sphincter functions involved in continence and defecation. Continence requires: contraction of puborectalis, ...