Measuring the output impedance of wideband op amps presents a formidable challenge because of their high DC gain, which results in low closed-loop output impedance at low frequencies. Above the ...

The unity-gain op amp (operational amplifier) buffer circuit is routinely used to transform high-impedance inputs into low-impedance outputs. ADC (analog-to-digital converter) voltage references are ...

Download this article in PDF format. Many modern servers, as well as telecom and networking equipment, are populated with multiple voltage regulators on the system board to provide power to ICs or ...

Many articles and application notes describe the extraction of phase margin, using a non-invasive technique that extracts the phase margin from an output impedance measurement. The term non-invasive ...