Adam Hayes, Ph.D., CFA, is a financial writer with 15+ years Wall Street experience as a derivatives trader. Besides his extensive derivative trading expertise, Adam is an expert in economics and ...

This column is the fourth in a series on parameter estimation, leading up to the justly famous Kalman filter. The discipline is based on the fact that our knowledge of the state of any real-world ...

Imagine you're at a fair, and you see a booth with a giant dartboard. The booth owner challenges you to hit the bullseye. You take your shot, and the dart lands somewhere on the board. Now imagine ...

Unlock the simplest and clearest explanation of the Normal Distribution! In this video, we break down one of the most important concepts in statistics using easy visuals and real-life examples.

With years of data from professional Dota 2 in our hands, we take a look at closely games adhere to a normal distribution, also known as the bell curve. If you have been through a basic statistics ...

The IQ bell curve meme, also referred to as the “midwit” meme, makes use of a graph representation of the probability theory of normal distribution. This graph, commonly known as the “bell curve” for ...

Discover how tail risk impacts portfolios, why rare financial events matter, and strategies for safeguarding investments against significant, unexpected losses.