Let (Ω, F, P) be a probability space, and let X be a random variable defined on (Ω, F, P). If A is a sub σ-field of F, then E(X ∣ A) is the a.s. unique A measurable function such that, for all A ε A, ...

As acronyms go, GMM-DCKE – Gaussian mixture model dynamically controlled kernel estimation – is a bit of a mouthful. Its proponents, though, consider it to be the simplest expression of conditional ...

For any finitely additive probability measure to be disintegrable, that is, to be an average with respect to some marginal distribution of a system of finitely additive conditional probabilities, it ...