Writing correct concurrent programs is harder than writing sequential ones. This is because the set of potential risks and failure modes is larger - anything that can go wrong in a sequential program ...

Memory models offer the formal frameworks that define how operations on memory are executed in environments with concurrent processes. By establishing rules for the ordering and visibility of memory ...

Programming languages are evolving to bring the software closer to hardware. As hardware architectures become more parallel (with the advent of multicore processors and FPGAs, for example), sequential ...