The design of structural bridge elements like columns, beam-column joints, and cap beams has changed tremendously over the past 30 years. Many experimental tests have been done in order to determine ...

Many renovated buildings replace wood and masonry structural elements with steel. The replacement of heavy wooden roof and floor joists with the lighter steel open-web bar-truss joists is a common ...

New research shows steel I- and T-sections inside concrete beams can offset shear loss from web openings—enhancing safety in ...